Echo Calculator and Normal Ranges

Echo Calculator

This calculator gives options in the drop down box for:

  • Normal = Cornell4 allometric scaling for dogs <70kg and gives the reference reference range (95% prediction intervals) for a given weight. These measurements were collected by M-mode but the paper does not specify if these were short axis or long axis derived.
  • Nonsighthound Dogs = Esser36 mean values with reference ranges (95% prediction intervals) for all nonsighthound dogs free of clinical signs of disease with no or mild insufficiencies of the cardiac valves. The LV dimensions were measured either in the right parasternal long or short axis view.
  • Immaculate nonsighthound dogs = Esser36 mean values with reference ranges (95% prediction intervals) for all nonsighthound dogs which were also free of signs of disease and the physical examination did not reveal important or relevant abnormalities. The LV dimensions were measured either in the right parasternal long or short axis view.

 Enter your patient’s body weight (in kilograms) in the box to reveal the median value (in cm) and reference ranges (in cm) for the measurements (no need to press enter) and choose which of the above references to use from the drop down box.


LVd (cm) LVs (cm) LVFWd (cm) LVFWs (cm) IVSd (cm) IVSs (cm) AO (cm) LA (cm)

Reference Tables for Normal Values

Normal Canine Echocardiographic Values – M-mode average (mean) and maximum-minimum values (95% prediction interval) in cm from Cornell4

Body weight (kg)LVIDdLVIDsLVPWdLVPWsIVSdIVSsAoLA
32.1
1.8-2.6		1.3
1.0-1.8		0.5
0.4-0.8		0.8
0.6-1.1		0.5
0.4-0.8		0.8
0.6-1.0		1.1
0.9-1.4		1.1
0.9-1.4
42.3
1.9-2.8		1.5
1.1-1.9		0.6
0.4-0.8		0.9
0.7-1.2		0.6
0.4-0.8		0.8
0.6-1.1		1.3
1.0-1.5		1.2
1.0-1.6
6 2.6
2.2-3.1		1.7
1.2-2.2		 0.6
0.4-0.9		 1.0
0.7-1.3		0.6
0.4-0.9		0.9
0.7-1.2 		1.4
1.2-1.8 		1.4
1.1-1.8
92.9
2.4-3.4		1.9
1.4-2.5		0.7
0.5-1.0 		1.0
0.8-1.4 		0.7
0.5-1.0 		1.0
0.7-1.3 		1.7
1.3-2.0 		1.6
1.3-2.1
11 3.1
2.6-3.7		2.0
1.5-2.7		0.7
0.5-1.0 		1.1
0.8-1.5 		0.7
0.5-1.1 		1.0
0.8-1.4 		1.8
1.4-2.2 		1.7
1.3-2.2
15 3.4
2.8-4.1		 2.2
1.7-3.0		 0.8
0.5-1.1		1.2
0.9-1.6 		0.8
0.6-1.1 		1.1
0.8-1.5 		2.0
1.6-2.4 		1.9
1.6-2.5
20 3.7
3.1-4.5		 2.4
1.8-3.2		 0.8
0.6-1.2		1.2
0.9-1.7 		0.8
0.6-1.2 		1.2
0.9-1.6 		2.2
1.7-2.7 		2.1
1.7-2.7
25 3.9
3.3-4.8		2.6
2.0-3.5		0.9
0.6-1.3 		1.3
1.0-1.8 		0.9
0.6-1.3 		1.3
0.9-1.7 		2.3
1.9-2.9 		2.3
1.8-2.9
30 4.3
3.5-5.0		2.8
2.1-3.7		0.9
0.6-1.3 		1.4
1.0-1.9 		0.9
0.7-1.3		1.3
1.0-1.8		2.5
2.0-3.1		2.5
1.9-3.1
354.4
3.6-5.3 		2.8
2.2-3.9		1.0
0.7-1.4 		1.4
1.1-1.9 		1.0
0.7-1.4 		1.4
1.0-1.9 		2.6
2.1-3.2 		2.6
2.0-3.3
40 4.5
3.8-5.5		3.0
2.3-4.0		1.0
0.7-1.4		1.5
1.1-2.0 		1.0
0.7-1.4		1.4
1.0-1.9		2.7
2.2-3.4 		2.7
2.1-3.5
50 4.8
4.9-5.8		3.3
2.4-4.3		1.0
0.7-1.5		1.5
1.1-2.1		1.0
0.7-1.5		1.5
1.1-2.0		3.0
2.4-3.6 		2.9
2.3-3.7
60 5.1
4.2-6.2		3.5
2.6-4.6		1.1
0.7-1.6		 1.6
1.2-2.2		1.1
0.8-1.6		1.5
1.1-2.1		 3.2
2.5-3.9		3.1
2.4-4.0
70 5.3
4.4-6.5		3.6
2.7-4.8		1.1
0.8-1.6		1.6
1.2-2.2		1.1
0.8-1.6		1.6
1.2-2.2 		3.3
2.7-4.1 		3.3
2.6-4.2

Breeds With Specific Reference Ranges available

Breeds with specific ranges available (generally for M mode, not for all measurements, take care as populations are not uniform across the world) see Cerbu et al29 for a summary table of these breeds with measurements. Sight hounds and working spaniel breeds tend to have large, lazy hearts.

  • Afghan
  • American Staffordshire Terrier
  • Beagle
  • Border collie
  • Boxer
  • Cavalier King Charles Spaniel
  • Chihuahua
  • Dachshund
  • Doberman Pinscher
  • Dogue de Bordeaux
  • English Bull terrier
  • English Cocker Spaniel (small numbers)
  • English Pointer
  • English Setter
  • French Bulldog
  • German Shepherd
  • Golden Retriever
  • Great Dane
  • Greyhound
  • Hungarian Vizsla
  • Irish Wolfhound
  • Italian Greyhound
  • Labrador Retriever
  • Maltese dog
  • Miniature poodle (small numbers)
  • Newfoundland
  • Pug (small numbers)
  • Saluki
  • Toy Poodle
  • Welsh Corgi (small numbers)
  • Whippet