Abbreviations
This is a list of abbreviations used in the guide, sources from Elsevier https://www.elsevier.com/__data/promis_misc/JVCabbreviations.pdf and other sources in common use in veterinary echocardiology.
- A peak velocity of late diastolic transmitral flow (m/s)
- Ao aorta
- AV aortic valve
- BSA body surface area
- BW body weight
- CFD colour flow Doppler
- CHF congestive heart failure
- DCM dilated cardiomyopathy
- E peak velocity of early diastolic transmitral flow (m/s)
- EF ejection fraction (%)
- EPSS E-point-to-septal-separation (mm)
- FAC fractional area change
- FS fractional shortening (%)
- HCM hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
- HR heart rate
- IVRT Isovolumic relation time (ms)
- IVS interventricular septum
- IVSd interventricular septum thickness at end-diastole (mm)
- LA left atrium
- LAA left auricular appendage
- LADmax maximal LA dimension from right parasternal long axis view
- LAP left atrial pressure
- LV left ventricle
- LVEDV/LVESV LV end-diastolic volume/LV end-systolic volume (ml), often indexed to body weight (ml/kg)
- LVIDd/s left ventricular internal diameter in diastole/systole
- LVIDdN left ventricular internal diameter in diastole normalised for BW
- LVIDsN left ventricular internal diameter in systole normalised for BW
- LVFP left ventricle filling pressure
- LVOT left ventricular outflow tract
- LVPW left ventricular posterior wall
- LVVd/s left ventricular volume at end-diastole/systole
- MAPSE mitral valve annular plane systolic excursion
- MVD myxomatous degenerative mitral valve disease
- MPA main pulmonary artery
- MV/MR mitral valve/ mitral regurgitation
- PH pulmonary hypertension
- PI/PV pulmonic insufficiency/pulmonary valve
- RA/RV right atrium/right ventricle
- RVDd/s right ventricular end diastolic diameter at end-diastole/systole
- RVOT right ventricular outflow tract
- SAM systolic anterior motion (applied to mitral valve)
- TAPSE tricuspid valve annular plane systolic excursion
- TDI tissue Doppler imaging
- TV/TR tricuspid valve/tricuspid regurgitation
- VHS vertebral heart score (radiographic)
- VLAS vertebral left atrial size (radiographic)
Main echo views
- RPLx4ch = right parasternal long axis 4 chamber view
- RPLx5ch = right parasternal long axis 5 chamber view, also known as left ventricle outflow tract view
- RPSx = right parasternal short axis views, at level of papillary muscles (‘mushroom’), mitral valve (‘fish mouth’), aortic root (‘whale and Mercedes Benz’) and heart base with pulmonic outflow
- LPLx4ch = left parasternal long axis 4 chamber view, also known as left apical view
- LPLx5ch = left parasternal long axis with LVOTO
- LPCr = left parasternal cranial views
- SC = subcostal